A Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Hospital-Based and Home-Based Elderly Care in Kaduna State

A Comparative Study of the Effectiveness of Hospital-Based and Home-Based Elderly Care in Kaduna State

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Background of the Study

Elderly care is a critical aspect of healthcare, particularly in societies where aging populations are increasing. Hospital-based and home-based care represent two major approaches to elderly healthcare. Hospital-based care involves inpatient and outpatient services provided within healthcare facilities, whereas home-based care involves medical and personal support services delivered in a patient’s home setting. The effectiveness of these care models has been widely debated, with some studies suggesting that home-based care offers better patient satisfaction, comfort, and family support, while others argue that hospital-based care provides more comprehensive medical attention, particularly for chronic illnesses and emergency conditions (Olaoye & Ibrahim, 2023).

In Kaduna State, elderly individuals often face challenges in accessing consistent and quality care due to financial constraints, mobility issues, and inadequate healthcare infrastructure. Hospital-based care is often expensive and may not be accessible to low-income individuals, whereas home-based care is constrained by a shortage of trained caregivers and inadequate medical supervision. Studies have shown that while home-based care may improve psychological well-being and family cohesion, hospital-based care is often necessary for complex medical conditions (Bello et al., 2024).

Comparative studies on these two models of care remain limited, particularly within the Nigerian context. Understanding the effectiveness of these models is essential for policymakers and healthcare providers in Kaduna State to design elderly care interventions that optimize health outcomes and improve the quality of life for elderly individuals.

Statement of the Problem

Despite the increasing need for elderly care, there is limited research on the comparative effectiveness of hospital-based and home-based care in Kaduna State. Many elderly individuals experience poor health outcomes due to inadequate access to appropriate care services. Hospital-based care often leads to long waiting times, high costs, and potential exposure to hospital-acquired infections, whereas home-based care may suffer from inadequate medical supervision and caregiver burnout (Adebayo et al., 2023).

Additionally, the lack of standardized guidelines for elderly care in Nigeria has resulted in inconsistent service delivery, with variations in quality between hospital-based and home-based settings. This study aims to critically assess the effectiveness of these two models and determine their impact on elderly patients’ health, quality of life, and overall well-being.

Objectives of the Study

1. To compare the effectiveness of hospital-based and home-based elderly care in Kaduna State.
2. To assess the impact of these care models on elderly patients' health outcomes and quality of life.
3. To identify challenges associated with both hospital-based and home-based elderly care.

Research Questions

1. How does hospital-based care compare to home-based care in terms of effectiveness for elderly patients?
2. What impact do these care models have on elderly patients’ health outcomes and well-being?
3. What challenges are associated with hospital-based and home-based elderly care in Kaduna State?

Research Hypotheses

1. There is a significant difference in health outcomes between elderly patients receiving hospital-based and home-based care.
2. Home-based elderly care leads to higher patient satisfaction compared to hospital-based care.
3. Financial and logistical challenges significantly impact the effectiveness of both care models.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study focuses on elderly individuals in Kaduna State who receive either hospital-based or home-based care. The research is limited to health outcomes, patient satisfaction, and challenges associated with both care models. Limitations include potential bias in self-reported data and difficulties in assessing long-term effects of care models.

Definitions of Terms

• Hospital-based care: Medical services provided in a hospital setting.
• Home-based care: Healthcare and personal support services delivered in a patient’s home.
• Elderly care: Specialized medical and personal care services designed for aging individuals.

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